Transformation: Compound to Simple

Compound to Simple:

A compound sentence is characterized by at least two independent clauses which can be used as separate sentences and are connected with coordinating conjunctions.

একটি compound sentence এ কমপক্ষে দুটি independent clause থাকে যারা পৃথক sentence হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে এবং  coordinating conjunction দিয়ে  যুক্ত থাকে ।

Such as: Listening to music and singing songs are my hobbies.

On the other hand, a simple sentence is characterized by only one independent clause and no dependent clause.

Such as: Listening to music is my hobby.

The rules for transforming compound sentence to simple sentence are discussed below.

Compound sentence কে simple sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম নীচে বর্ণিত হলো ।

 

Rule 1:

If the compound sentence is stating that a person is doing two things one after another and join them with a conjunction-“and”; then while transforming it into simple, “ing” will be added to the first verb; thus the first clause will be shortened and tense will be same as the second clause.

যদি compound sentence এ বোঝানো হয় যে কেউ দুটো কাজ করছে, একটি আগে ও আরেকটি পরে এবং “and” conjunction দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার সময়

প্রথম verb এর সাথে “ing” যোগ করে প্রথম clause টিকে সংক্ষিপ্ত করা হয় এবং দ্বিতীয় clause এর

Tense ব্যবহৃত হয় ।

Compound: I went there and met her.

Simple: Going there I met her.

Compound: She will go to the office and will do the work.

Simple: Going to the office she will do the work.

Compound: She will go to the theatre and watch the play.

Simple: Going to the theatre she will watch the play.

 

Rule 2:

If the compound sentence has “not only..….but also”, the simple sentence will use “besides being.”

Compound sentence এ “not only..….but also” থাকলে, simple sentence এ “besides being” ব্যবহার করা হবে।

Compound: The girl is not only beautiful but also intelligent.

Simple: Besides being beautiful the girl is intelligent.

Compound: She is not only a brilliant student but also a good singer.

Simple: Besides being a brilliant student she is a good singer.

Compound: He is not only a good writer but also an outstanding lecturer.

Simple: Besides being a good writer he is an outstanding lecturer.

 

Rule 3:

If the compound sentence has the conjunction “but” joining the two different clauses, the simple sentence will use “in spite of” at the beginning following my/his/her according to the person+ noun form of the adjective of the subordinate clause + main clause.

যদি compound sentence এ conjunction “but” দিয়ে দুটো ভিন্ন clause যুক্ত থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ শুরুতে “in spite of”, এর পরে  person অনুযায়ী my/his/her + subordinate clause এর adjective এর noun form + main clause ব্যবহার করা হবে।

Compound: The book was long but interesting.

Simple: In spite of being long the book was interesting.

Compound: He was ill, but he came for rehearsal.

Simple: In spite of his illness he came for rehearsal.

Rule 4:

If the compound sentence has this structure, ”the person must do….or/otherwise, the person will not…..”, the simple sentence will follow this structure, “ person must do….to + the result/outcome of doing the work.

যদি compound sentence এই structure follow করে, ”person must do….or/otherwise person will not…..” , তবে simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, “ person must do….to + কাজটি করার ফলাফল ।

Compound: You must study hard or/otherwise, you will not get good marks in the exam.

Simple: You must study hard to get good marks in the exam.

Compound: He must run fast or/otherwise, he will not win the race.

Simple: He must run fast to win the race.

 

Rule 5:

If the compound sentence follows this structure, ”person must (do)….or/otherwise person will + verb’s simple form…..” or , ”person must do…...or/otherwise person will be + verb’s past participle form, the simple sentence will follow this structure, ”person must (do)….to escape/avoid……”.

যদি compound sentence এই structure follow করে, ”person must (do)….or/otherwise person will + verb এর simple form…..” or , ”person must do…...or/otherwise person will be + verb এর past participle form, simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, ”person must (do)….to escape/avoid……” ।

Compound: You must practice hard or/otherwise, you will lose the game.

Simple: You must practice hard to escape losing the game.

Compound: He must work hard or/otherwise, he will be suspended.

Simple: He must work hard to avoid suspension.

Compound: The thief must run away or/otherwise, he will be beaten.

Simple: The thief must run away to avoid being beaten.

 

Rule 6:

If the compound sentence first states a cause behind a work, then join the result or outcome with a conjunction “and ”, the simple sentence will follow this structure, “ Being + adjective (cause)+ main clause.

যদি compound sentence প্রথমে কোনো কাজ করার কারণ উল্লেখ করে, কাজ করার ফলাফলকে conjunction “and ” দিয়ে যুক্ত করে, তবে simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, “ Being + adjective (কারণ)+ main clause।

Compound: He was guilty, and he ran away.

Simple: Being guilty he ran away.

Compound: He was very happy, and he started to dance.

Simple: Being so happy he started to dance.

Rule 7:

If the compound sentence contains the conjunction “so”/”therefore”  having the cause before it and the result after it, the simple sentence will have “for” having the result before it and cause after it.

 যদি compound sentence এ “so”/”therefore”  থাকে এবংএর আগে কারণ ও পরে কাজ করার ফলাফল থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ “for” থাকবে এবং এর আগে কোন কাজ করার ফলাফল ও পরে কারণ থাকবে।

Compound: He worked hard, so the boss praised him.

Compound: He worked hard, and therefore the boss praised him.

Simple: The boss praised him for his hard work.

In the above sentence, the result is “the praising of boss”, and the cause is “his(a person’s) hard work”.

Compound: The singer’s voice is sweet, so she is very popular among people.

Compound: The singer’s voice is sweet therefore she is very popular among people.

Simple: The singer is very popular among people for her sweet voice.

 

Rule 8:

If the compound sentence has the conjunction “and” having the result/outcome before it and the cause/reason after it, the simple sentence will use “to” all other things being the same.

যদি compound sentence এ conjunction “and” ব্যবহার করে এর আগে কোন কাজ করার ফলাফল

 ও পরে কারণ থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ “to” ব্যবহার হবে ও বাকি সবকিছু একই থাকবে।

Compound: She came here and met me.

Simple: She came here to meet me.

Simple: She studied hard to get good marks.

Compound: She studied hard and got good marks.

 

Rule 9:

If the compound sentence follows this structure, “person must not be+ adjective + or/otherwise + person will not be…….”, the simple sentence will use “In the event of being” in the beginning + adjective+ main clause.

যদি compound sentence এই structure follow করে, “person must not be+ adjective + or/otherwise + person will not be…….”, simple sentence শুরুতে “In the event of being”+ adjective+ main clause ব্যবহার করবে ।

Compound: You must not be late or/ otherwise you will not be allowed to participate in the meeting.

Simple: In the event of being late you will not be allowed to participate in the meeting.

Compound: You must not be lazy or/ otherwise you will not be allowed on the team.

Simple: In the event of being lazy you will not be allowed on the team.