Determiners and Quantifiers

Determiners:

Determiners refer to words that sit before nouns to denote whether the nouns are specific or general.

Determiner একটি শব্দ যা একটি noun এর পূর্বে ব্যবহৃত হয়ে এটি নির্দিষ্ট না সাধারণ তা নির্দেশ করে।

Types of Determiners:

Thera are mainly two types of determiners:

প্রধানত: দুই ধরনের determiner আছে:

1. Specific determiners
2. General determiners

Specific determiners:

Specific determiners are used to denote specific or particular things.

Specific determiner কোন কিছুকে নির্দিষ্ট বা বিশেষভাবে বোঝাতে ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Specific determiners include the following:

নিচে উল্লেখিত শব্দগুলো Specific determiner:

• The definite article: the
• Possessives: his, her, your, its, my, our, their, whose
• Demonstratives: these, those, this, that
• Interrogatives: which

Example:

• Give me the
• She is my
• This place is near to my home.
• Which is your car?

General determiners:

General determiners are used before a noun to denote it in a general or unspecific way.

General determiner কোন কিছুকে অনির্দিষ্ট বা সাধারণভাবে বোঝাতে ব্যবহৃ হয়।

General determiners include the following:

নিচে উল্লেখিত শব্দগুলো General determiner:

• What; other; another; a; an; any, etc.

Example:

• I bought a book yesterday.
• I was talking about another friend of mine. (Another is used to denote an additional thing or person)

(বাড়তি কোন কিছু বা ব্যক্তিকে বোঝাতে Another ব্যবহৃত হয়।)

• I went there with Farzana and a few other (Other is the plural form of another)

(Other হচ্ছে another এর বহুবচন রূপ।)

• Any person can do this. (It implies that all people can do it)

(এখানে বোঝান হচ্ছে যে সব মানুষই এটা করতে পারে।)

Quantifiers:

A quantifier is a word used before a noun to describe its quantity.

Quantifier একটি শব্দ যা একটি noun এর পূর্বে ব্যবহৃত হয়ে এর সংখ্যা বর্ণনা করে।

Types of Quantifiers:

There are mainly three types of quantifiers:

Quantifier প্রধানত: তিন ধরনের হয়:

1. Quantifiers for countable nouns
2. Quantifiers for uncountable nouns
3. Quantifiers for both countable and uncountable nouns

Quantifiers for countable nouns:

These quantifiers are used for countable nouns only. These are few, many, a number of, several, etc.

এই quantifier গুলো কেবল countable noun এর ক্ষেত্রে ব্যবহৃ হয়।

Example:

• I have few friends here.
• I read many books on this topic.
• I have several dresses of this color.

Quantifiers for uncountable nouns:

These quantifiers are used for uncountable nouns only. These are a bit, much, a little, etc.

এই quantifier গুলো কেবল uncountable noun এর ক্ষেত্রে ব্যবহৃ হয়।

Example:

• I am a bit
• She has much experience about this.
• I had a little milk and nothing else.

Quantifiers for both countable and uncountable nouns:

These quantifiers are used for both countable and uncountable nouns. These are a lot of, some, enough, all, any, etc.

এই quantifier গুলো countable and uncountable উভয় noun এর ক্ষেত্রেই ব্যবহৃত হয়।

Example:

• I saw a lot of students (Countable noun)
• I had some fruits for lunch. (Countable noun)
• I have enough time in my hand. (Countable noun)
• You can take any of the books. (Countable noun)
• Give me some (Uncountable noun)
• She has enough (Uncountable noun)